We are in Tonya Browning's English 306 Computer Assisted class at the University of Texas. We have created a home page, which serves as an evaluative argument on the topic of music, television, and video games and their effects on children.

Jody Reagor,Susan Ferguson, Dillia Salinas, Craig Gilchrist, Adam Jacob (not shown)

Music, Television, and Video Games and Their Effect on Children!

The children of today are surrounded by technology and entertainment that is full of violence. It is estimated that the average child watches from three to five hours of television a day! Listening to music is also a time consuming pastime among children. With all of that exposure, one might pose the question, "How can seeing so much violence on television and video games and hearing about violence in in music affect a child's behavior?" Obviously these media have a big influence on childrens' behavior: we can see it in the way they attempt to emulate their favorite rock stars by dressing in a similar style and the way children play games, imitating their favorite cartoon personalities or super heroes. Studies have shown that extensive television viewing may be associated with, "aggressive behavior, poor academic performance, precocious sexuality, obesity, and the use of drugs or alcohol." Television, video games, and music are very influential and if their is too much violence available for children to watch, play, or listen to, this can sway their attitudes in a negative direction.

Music

Music is a big part of children's lives, especially as the children become older and enter adolescence. We can see how influential rock stars are just by looking at the children of today: they dress and sometimes try to act just like their idols. Music can be very powerful and there have been numerous stories in the news of teenagers trying to commit suicide or committing crimes and then blaming it on song lyrics. Perhaps the music itself is not such an influential agent, but the artists are and if they are behaving in an unbecoming manner, many kids will try and be like them. For example, rappers like Tupac Shakur, who was sentenced to 30 days in jail for trying to hit a man with a baseball bat during a concert in 1993 (AP Nov. 14), and Ice Cube, who goes on trial next month on charges of shooting a man to death at a bowling alley (AP Nov. 11), are seen as heroes to a lot of children. Most people would agree that they are not very good role models and that the lyrics that they write promoting shooting policeman and raping women can have a negative affect on children's behavior. However, there are examples of music having a positive influence on kids are also prevalent. The girl rap group Salt-N-Pepa, who are often categorized according to their sexual image, also project an image of feminine strength. Cheryl James, a.k.a "Salt," said, "We get compliments from women like, 'You inspired me to get out of an abusive relationship.' It makes me feel good about what I do" (AP Nov. 5). There is also some good examples of music, which brings a more positive feeling to the group. An example of this can be heard in the animaniacs compact disk.

Television

Television is especially influential on the children of today. Thirty years ago, not every home had a television; they were considered a luxury that only the rich could afford. Now, most households have two televisions and children watch them incessantly. Many children's programs are extremely violent and a child can learn violent behavior from watching these programs. For example, about a month ago, in Norway, a small girl was beaten, stripped, and left to die by three boys aged 5, 6, and 6. When asked why they had assaulted the girl, the boys replied that they were doing what the "Mighty Morphin Power Rangers" do. Also, they said they were copying the "Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles." It has been shown that viewing violent programs can alter a child's behavior, making the child afraid, worried, suspicious, or increasing that child's tendencies towards aggressive behavior. Several Northern European countries, including Norway and Sweden, have taken "The Mighty Morphin Power Rangers" off of the air because they feel it is too violent for children to watch. In Canada the "Mighty Morphins" have also been dropped. The show was condemned by the Canadian Broadcasting Standards Council as, "too violent," and the Global TV network has said that it will edit out some of the more violent scenes (AP Nov. 3). Television can be very powerful in influencing children, but it is not the only medium that can affect children. For example, there was an instance in Wales where a ten year old boy saved his mother's life. She had fallen into a pool and was drowning and her son saved her, saying that watching the popular show "Baywatch" had helped him save her: "I realized my mom was in trouble. I didn't stop to think, I just knew I had to jump in and save her. When I reached her side I remembered how the lifeguards on 'Baywatch' rescue swimmers and tried to copy them" (Reuters Nov. 3). Peggy Charren, director of Action for Children's Television, said in a recent article that when, "properly used, quality television introduces children to a world beyond their classroom and motivates them to learn." She goes on to say that children can relate easily to t.v. and by using a medium they are familiar with, children are more apt to absorb the material they are learning.

Video Games

Another form of entertainment that can have a strong influence on a child's behavior is video games. Children today spend hours in front of the television playing video games, most of which have some sort of violent theme. A recent study found that, "the two most preferred categories were games that involved fantasy violence, preferred by almost 32% of subjects; and sports games, some of which contained violent subthemes, which were preferred by more than 29%." The most popular are the martial arts games, from which there are hundreds to choose from. The violence in these video games can desensitize children to violence and alter their perception of reality. It can give them the idea that violence is an acceptable way to deal with problems and conflict. But not all video games, television, and music for children is negative, some can have a positive affect on children. There are many examples of educational and positive video games for children. For example, there is an entire business dedicated to developing more challenging and interesting software for children's use. Some programs are designed to allow children to explore different places or environments, whereas others are developed to teach and drill specific facts or academic skills (Mac User 92). Playing computer games can give a child intellectual confidence and can help increase his or her motivation level: "Many computer games promote a feeling of mastery," said Erna Fishhaut, a Specialist Reviewer who wrote the article "Video Games: A Problem or a Blessing?" which outlines ways that parents can choose video games and programs that enhance their children's learning. As you can see, each of these media has a strong influence on the lives and behavior of children, but whether that influence is good or bad is up to the artist, television star, or program writer.

Conclusion

In conclusion, television, music, and video games are all things that are fun and sometimes educational for kids. However, these media can be a bad influence on children, depending on the content. Children are extremely impressionable and if they are exposed to violent television, music or video games then they will start to emulate that show, artist or song, or video game with their behavior. These are all so powerful that they should be used to teach children how to problem solve and help them expand their minds, not show them how to kill someone or teach them other violent behavior.


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